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OBJECTIVE: To identify the chemical components of bile acids from bear bile powder, the intermediate of bear bile powder and Tanreqing capsules by HPLC-MS/MS. METHODS: All samples were extracted with 70% methanol(V/V), and an Ultimate XB C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) was employed for separation with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid as mobile phase in gradient elution. The MS spectrum was acquired in both positive and negative ion mode using ESI ion source. The chemical components were identified by the second mass spectrometric pyrolysis fragments, chromatographic peak retention time and fragmentation regularity summarized from the reference standards and the available literature. RESULTS: A total of 33 compounds were successfully identified or tentatively predicted, and six chemical compounds including tauroursodeoxycholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, 7α-hydroxy-3-oxo-5β-cholanic acid and one unknown constituent were finally transferred to Tanreqing capsules through the intermediate of bear bile powder. Moreover, 21 new chemical compounds (major ingredients of free bile acids) were generated during the production process of the intermediate, and 19 components were also detected in Tanreqing capsules. CONCLUSION: The investigation of the change of constituents in bear bile powder during Tanreqing capsules production provides a basis for the quality control and evaluation of Tanreqing capsules during production process.
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OBJECTIVE@#To study the effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jianpi Chushi decoction and ointment on chronic eczema.@*METHODS@#DNCB acetone solution was used to sensitize the skin of back and ears of 36 rats in order to establish chronic eczema model. A total of 36 rats were divided into four groups of 9 randomly including oral medicine group, external inunctum group, combination therapy group, and model control group respectively. Besides, the blank group of 4 healthy rats were set. The oral medicine group was given Traditional Chinese Medicine Jianpi Chushi decoction [(Poria cocos, Chinese yam, Cortex dictamni, Zaocys dhumnade, Rhizoma atractylodis, Pericarpium citri reticulatae, Scutellaria baicalensis, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Raw Radix Paeoniae Alba, Licorice roots (Northwest Origin)] by gastric infusion (1.6 g/mL·5 mL/d); the external inunctum group was given Qingpeng ointment on the skin, the combination therapy group was given Jianpi Chushi decoction by gastric infusion and Qingpeng ointment combination therapy. The model control group was given normal saline (NS) of the same volume by gastric infusion and vaseline on skin. Continuous administration 15 d and stopped for 3 d. The thickness difference and weight difference of left and right ear of every group were measured and the degree of ear swelling were evaluated. The CD4+ and CD8+ content and the IL-2, IL-4 level of serum were detected, and the inflammatory cells counts of back skin were recorded.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the degree of ear swelling of oral medicine group, external inunctum group and combination therapy group significant decreased compared with model control group (P < 0.05). The CD4+, CD8+ cell content and IL-2 level of oral medicine group, external inunctum group, combination therapy group and model control group significant decreased compared with blank group, and IL-2 level and the inflammatory cells count increased. After 15 d of treatment, the CD4+, CD8+ cell content and IL-2 level of serum of oral medicine group, external inunctum group and combination therapy group raised and the IL-4 level and the inflammatory cells count had significant decreased compared with model control group, and the effect of combination therapy group was more obvious (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Qral Jianpi Chushi decoction could treat chronic eczema effectively, and oral Chinese medicine combined with ointment could enhance and speed up the efficacy.
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Objective To study the effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jianpi Chushi decoction and ointment on chronic eczema. Methods DNCB acetone solution was used to sensitize the skin of back and ears of 36 rats in order to establish chronic eczema model. A total of 36 rats were divided into four groups of 9 randomly including oral medicine group, external inunctum group, combination therapy group, and model control group respectively. Besides, the blank group of 4 healthy rats were set. The oral medicine group was given Traditional Chinese Medicine Jianpi Chushi decoction [(Poria cocos, Chinese yam, Cortex dictamni, Zaocys dhumnade, Rhizoma atractylodis, Pericarpium citri reticulatae, Scutellaria baicalensis, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Raw Radix Paeoniae Alba, Licorice roots (Northwest Origin)] by gastric infusion (1.6 g/mL·5 mL/d); the external inunctum group was given Qingpeng ointment on the skin, the combination therapy group was given Jianpi Chushi decoction by gastric infusion and Qingpeng ointment combination therapy. The model control group was given normal saline (NS) of the same volume by gastric infusion and vaseline on skin. Continuous administration 15 d and stopped for 3 d. The thickness difference and weight difference of left and right ear of every group were measured and the degree of ear swelling were evaluated. The CD4+ and CD8+ content and the IL-2, IL-4 level of serum were detected, and the inflammatory cells counts of back skin were recorded. Results After treatment, the degree of ear swelling of oral medicine group, external inunctum group and combination therapy group significant decreased compared with model control group (P < 0.05). The CD4+, CD8+ cell content and IL-2 level of oral medicine group, external inunctum group, combination therapy group and model control group significant decreased compared with blank group, and IL-2 level and the inflammatory cells count increased. After 15 d of treatment, the CD4+, CD8+ cell content and IL-2 level of serum of oral medicine group, external inunctum group and combination therapy group raised and the IL-4 level and the inflammatory cells count had significant decreased compared with model control group, and the effect of combination therapy group was more obvious (P < 0.05). Conclusions Qral Jianpi Chushi decoction could treat chronic eczema effectively, and oral Chinese medicine combined with ointment could enhance and speed up the efficacy.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE</b>Akt pathway plays an important role in cell growth and apoptosis. This study was to characterize the role of Akt in the synergistic effects of thermo-chemotherapy on lung cancer cell growth and its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>H446 cells were subjected to different thermo-chemotherapy schemes: 43centigrade + paclitaxel (120 microg/L) (thermo-chemotherapy group), 43centigrade + paclitaxel (120 microg/L) + Wortmannin (1 micromol/L, PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor) (Wortmannin group), 43centigrade + paclitaxel (120 microg/L) + N-acety-L-cysteine (NAC) (30 micromol/L, reactive oxygen species, ROS inhibitor) (NAC group), and paclitaxel (120 microg/L) group. The cells without any treatment were used as the control. MTT assay was conducted to measure the cell proliferation rate. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). ROS was detected with fluorescence. Phosphorylation of Akt and the expressions of Caspase-3 were determined by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cell proliferation rate was significantly lower in the thermo-chemotherapy group than in the control and the chemotherapy groups ((59.83 +/- 3.36)% vs. (100.00 +/- 0.00)% and (69.16 +/- 2.95)%, P < 0.05). The rate of cell apoptosis was the highest in the thermo-chemotherapy group (27.59 +/- 5.47)% (P < 0.05). The ROS expression level was higher in the cells of thermo-chemotherapy group (102.14 +/- 18.34) than in the other groups (P < 0.05), which could be inhibited by NAC(28.01 +/- 1.19), but not by the PI3K inhibitor Wortmannin (99.87 +/- 8.35). Phosphorylation of Akt significantly decreased in the thermo-chemotherapy group (0.69+/-0.03) (P < 0.05), which could be blocked by Wortmannin (0.00 +/- 0.00), but increased by NAC (1.05 +/- 0.29) (P < 0.05). The expression level of Caspase-3 was higher in the thermo-chemotherapy group (1.07 +/- 0.08) than in other groups (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Thermo-chemotherapy has a stronger inhibitory effect than chemotherapy alone in lung tumor cell growth, probably through induction of ROS production and subsequent inhibition of Akt pathway activation and Caspase pathway-induced cancer cell apoptosis.</p>